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What are a physical and a chemical property? How do you know there has been a chemical change? What are the properties by which matter is identified? STRAND II: Content of Science STANDARD I: (Physical Science): Understand the structure and properties of matter, the characteristics of energy, and the interactions between matter and energy. 5-8 Benchmark I: Know the forms and properties of matter and how matter interacts. II.I.I.1 Understand that substances have characteristic properties and identify the properties of various substances (e.g., density, boiling point, solubility, chemical reactivity). II.I.I.2 Use properties to identify substances (e.g., for minerals: the hardness, streak, color, reactivity to acid, cleavage, fracture). II.I.I.3 Know that there are about 100 known elements that combine to produce compounds in living organisms and nonliving substances. II.I.I.4 Know the differences between chemical and physical properties and how these properties can influence the interactions of matter. 5-8 Benchmark II: Explain the physical processes involved in the transfer, change, and conservation of energy. II.I.II.1 Identify various types of energy (e.g., heat, light, mechanical, electrical, chemical, nuclear). II.I.II.2 Understand that heat energy can be transferred through conduction, radiation and convection. II.I.II.3 Know that there are many forms of energy transfer but that the total amount of energy is conserved (i.e., that energy is neither created nor destroyed). What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state? How does energy change forms? Examples of energy transfers in Earth’s systems? STRAND II: Content of Science STANDARD I: (Physical Science): Understand the structure and properties of matter, the characteristics of energy, and the interactions between matter and energy. 5-8 Benchmark I: Know the forms and properties of matter and how matter interacts. II.I.I.2 Use properties to identify substances (e.g., for minerals: the hardness, streak, color, reactivity to acid, cleavage, fracture). STRAND II: Content of Science STANDARD III: (Earth and Space Science): Understand the structure of Earth, the solar system, and the universe, the interconnections among them, and the processes and interactions of Earth’s systems. 5-8 Benchmark II: Describe the structure of Earth and its atmosphere and explain how energy, matter, and forces shape Earth’s systems. II.III.II.3 Know that sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks contain evidence of the materials, temperatures, and forces that created them. |